Arlington Township is a civil township of Van Buren County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 1,958. Arlington Township was established in 1842. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.0 square miles, of which 34.5 square miles is land and 0.5 square mileā¦Arlington Township is a civil township of Van Buren County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 1,958. Arlington Township was established in 1842. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.0 square miles, of which 34.5 square miles is land and 0.5 square miles is water.