High-energy particles in radiation belts can look as if they are spreading randomly even when their underlying motion remains predictable. ・A moving spacecraft can lose sight of fine particle ...

Picture a nanoscale dance floor full of independently moving particles. When things really start to heat up—or, in this case, cool down—particles partner off, but on opposite sides of the space, ...

When rockets fire into space, the insides of their engines become an extreme environment where temperatures soar and tiny particles are thrown around at hypersonic speeds. These particles behave in ...