More than 3.5 billion years ago, the Earth was not the hospitable world we know today. The atmosphere lacked oxygen, the seas ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. I write about biodiversity and the hidden quirks of the natural world. Australia is home to an extraordinary share of Earth’s ...

Interpretation of microbial fossils with special reference to the Precambrian / St. Golubić and E.S. Barghoorn -- Evolving concepts on the nature and the ecological significance of stromatolites : a ...

On a high plateau in northwestern Argentina, a cluster of turquoise lagoons has quietly rewritten what scientists thought they knew about the earliest stirrings of life. Hidden in one of the driest ...