Robert Il Duke of Normandy had a complicated relationship with his father, William the Conqueror, and his brothers. William the Conqueor was Duke of Normandy before he conquered England and became King. When he died he split his lands and titles giving the Dukedom to Robert and the throne of England to his second son William Rufus. William Rufus and Robert made a pact, after extensive squabbling and a rebellion, that if either of them died without and heir that they would unite Normandy and Engl

William the Conqueror (1028–1087), Duke of Normandy, changed history in 1066 by defeating King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, becoming the first Norman King of England. His rule reshaped the kingdom through feudalism, castle-building, and the monumental Domesday Book, a survey of England’s wealth. Though often brutal, William’s reign forged a stronger monarchy and tied England to continental Europe. His legacy lives in both conquest and consolidation, marking the birth of medieval England